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¡@¡@¥X¤@11´£¨ì¥H¦â¦C¤H¦b®J¤Î¡A¬°ªk¦Ñ«Ø³y¨â®y¿n³f«°¡A´N¬O¡u¤ñªF¡v©M¡uÄõ¶ë¡v¡C§Æ§B¨Ó¤åªº¡u¤ñªF¡v¡]Pithom¡^¡A¬O±q®J¤Î¤å Pr-Tm¡]ªF¯«ªº·µ¡^¤Á­µ¦Ó¨Óªº¡C³o«°´N¬O²{¤µªº¯S°Çº¿´µ­W¥L¡]Tell el-Maskhutah¡^¡A©Î¨äªþªñªº¯S°Ç©Ô¥L¤Ú¡]Tell el-Ratabah¡^¡A¨âªÌ§¡¦b®J¤Î¥_³¡¤T¨¤¬wªºªF­±¡A¤]³£¬O¥j¥Nºq¬À¦aªº¤@³¡¤À¡]³Ð¥|¤Q¤»28¡ã¥|¤Q¤C6¡^¡C¡uÄõ¶ë¡v¡]Rameses¡^¬O®J¤Î¤å¡]Pr¡^-r'ms-sw¡]§g¤ý¤§®a¡^ªº¤Á­µ¡C®J¤Î²Ä¤Q¤E´Âªº¶}°ê§g¤ý¨ú¦WÄõ¶ë¡]Ramses, ca. 1310¡ã1309 B. C. ¡Cª`·N¡G§@¬°¤H¦W®É¡A¤Ö¤F¤@­Óe¦r¡A®J¤Î¤å¬° r'-ms-sw¡A­ì¸q¤D Ra ¬O¥Í¥LªÌ¡F§Y¤Ó¶§¯«ªº¨à¤l¡^¡CÄõ¶ë´N¬O¥D«e¤Q¤@¥@¬ö¥H«á®J¤Îªº¥j³£®õ¥§´µ¡]Tanis¡^¡F±q¤Q¤E´Â¦Ü¤G¤Q´Â¡A¬ù¤G¦Ê¦~¶¡ªº§g¤ý¡A³£¥H¦¹¦a¤è¬°¥_³£¡]«n³£¬°´£¤ñ´µ¡^¡CµM¦Ó¡A±q®J¤Î¤åÄm©Ò¥Ü¡AÄõ¶ë«°¬OÄõ¶ë¤G¥@¡]Ramses II, ca. 1290¡ã1224 B. C. ¡^©Ò«Ø¡A¨Ã¥H¨ä¦W¦Ó©R¦Wªº¡C¬°³o­ì¦]¡A³Ð¥|¤Q¤C11ªº¡uÄõ¶ë¹Ò¤ºªº¦a¡v¡A¨Ã«D¬O¡uºq¬À¦a¡vªº§O¦W¢w¢w¤D¬O«á¤H±N«á´Áªº¦WºÙ¦w¦b«e´Á¡A©Î¬O»~±N´¶³q¦Wµü¡u¤ý®a¤§¦a¡v§@¬°±M¦³¦Wµü¦Ó­µÄ¶¦¨¡uÄõ¶ë¡vªº¡CµL½×¬O­þ¤@ºØ¡A¤´¯àÃÒ©úÄõ¶ë¬O¦b®J¤Î¤T¨¤¬wªººq¬À¦a¡A´N¬O¶®¦U©M²³¤l¤U®J¤Î«áªº©~¦í¦a¡C

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¡@¡@±´°Q¹L¤W­z¦U¸g¸`«á¡AÅý§Ú­Ì±q®J¤Îªº¾ú¥v¨Ó¤ñ¹ï¤@¤U¡AÂÇ¥H´M¨D¨ì¥X®J¤Î®É¶¡ªºµª®×¡C¥j®J¤Î²Ä¤@­Ó¤¤¤ý°ê´Á¡A§Y²Ä¤Q¤G´Â¡]ca. 1911¡ã1786 B.C.¡^¦]°ê¶Õ¤é°I¡A¥H­P·S¨Ó¥~¦a¤Hªº¤J«I¡C³\§J©Ò´µ¤H¡]Hyksos¡A§Y¡u¥~¨Óªº²ÎªvªÌ¡v¡^«K¦b³o¨Ç°Ê¶Ãªº¦~¶¡«Ø¥ß¤F®J¤Îªº²Ä¤Q¤­´Â¡]ca. 1690¡ã1580 B.C.¡^¡A¥B©ó¥D«e¤Q¤C¥@¬ö«Ø¥ß¤F¨È²¦¨½´µ¡]Avaris¡^¬°°ê³£¡C³o¨È²¦¨½´µ¬ù©ó¥D«e¤@¤­¤C¡³¦~µ¹·s¤ý°êªº¶}°ê¤¸§g¡]²Ä¤Q¤K´Â¡^¨È¼Ò¦è¤h¡]Amosis, ©Î¤Á­µ¬° Ahmose, ca. 1570¡ã1546 B. C. ¡^©Ò·´¡A«o©ó¥D«e¬ù¤@¤G¤E¡³¦~¬°²Ä¤Q¤E´ÂªºÄõ¶ë¤G¥@©Ò­««Ø¡A¨Ã¥H¦Û¤vªº¦W©R¦W¬°¡uÄõ¶ë¡v¡C

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¡@¡@­Y¤W­z»¡ªk¬°¹ïªº¸Ü¡A¥X®J¤Î°Oªº®É¶¡´N¤£¥i¯à¬O¶Ç²Î©Ò»¡ªº¥D«e²Ä¤@¥|¥|¤E¦~¡C¦]¬°³o¦~¥N¤£¦ýÂ÷¶®¦U¤U®J¤Î¨S¦³¡u¥|¦Ê¦~¡v¡A¦Ó¸Ó´Á¶¡ªº²ÎªvªÌ¬O§ù±o¼Ò¦è¤h¤T¥@¡]Thutmosis III, ca. 1490¡ã1435 B. C. ¡^¡C¥L¬O²Ä¤Q¤K´Âªº²Ä¤­¦ìªk¦Ñ¡C²Ä¤Q¤K´Â©TµM¬OÅX³v³\§J©Ò´µ¤Hªº´Â¥N¡A¦]¦¹¹ï§Æ§B¨Ó¤H¦³¡u¼Äµø¡v¡A¦ý¤£¬O¡u·s¤ý°_¨Ó¡v¡F¦Ó§ù±o¼Ò¦è¤h¤T¥@¤]¨S¦³«Ø¿v¤ñªF©MÄõ¶ë¨â«°¡C®Ú¾Ú¥X¤G23ªº°O¸ü¡AÀ£­¢¥H¦â¦C¤H©M®eÅý¥H¦â¦C¥X®J¤Îªº¡A¬O«e«á¤£¦Pªºªk¦Ñ¡C©Ò¥H¶Ç²Îªº»¡ªk¬O§ù±o¼Ò¦è¤h¤T¥@¬°À£­¢¥H¦â¦Cªºªk¦Ñ¡A¨äÄ~¥ô¤H¨Èªù¿Õ´´´µ¤G¥@¡]Amenophis II, ca. 1435¡ã1414 B.C.¡^¡A¬O®eÅý¥H¦â¦C¤H¥X®J¤Îªºªk¦Ñ¡CµM¦Ó¡A§Ú­Ì¤£¦ý¦b¾ú¥v¤W§ä¤£¨ì¥ô¦ó½u¯Á¡A¥i¥HÃÒ©ú¨Èªù¿Õ´´´µ¤G¥@¦³®eÅý¥H¦â¦C¤HÂ÷¶}®J¤Îªº¥v¹ê¡A­Y¦³ªº¸Ü¡A¤]©M¶Ç²Î»{¥D«e¤@¥|¥|¤E¦~¬°¥X®J¤Îªº¦~¥N¤£¬Û²Å¦X¡A¦]¬°¨º®É¨Èªù¿Õ´´´µ¤G¥@ÁÙ¥¼§Y¦ì¡C

¡@¡@¦Ü©ó¦³¨Ç¾ÇªÌ»{¥X®J¤Îªº®É¶¡¬°¥D«e¤Q¥|¥@¬ö¥½©M¤Q¤T¥@¬öªì¡A¨ä¥D­n½×ÂI¬OÄõ¶ë¤@¥@¡]Ramses I, ca. 1310¡ã1309 B. C. ¡^¬°À£­¢¥H¦â¦Cªºªk¦Ñ¡A¦Ó¶ë³£´µ¤@¥@¡]Sethos I, ca. 1309¡ã1290 B. C. ¡^«h¬O®e³\¥H¦â¦C¤H¥X®J¤Îªºªk¦Ñ¡CÄõ¶ë¤@¥@¬O²Ä¤Q¤E´Âªº¶}°ê§g¤ý¡A©TµM¬O¡u·s¤ý¡v©M·s´Â¥N¡A¨Ã¥B¦³¡uÄõ¶ë¡v¨ä¦W¡A¦ý¥L¤£¦ý¬O¨S¦³«Ø¿vÄõ¶ë«°ªº¥v¹ê¡A¦Ó¦b¦ì¶È¤Î¤@¦~¡A¬G¤£²Å¦X¡u¹L¤F¦h¦~¡A®J¤Î¤ý¦º¤F¡vªº¸g¸`¡A¥B³\§J©Ò´µ¤ý´Âªº³Ì¦­´Á¡A¦Ü¶ë³£´µ¤@¥@ªº³Ì¥½´Á¡A³£¥¼¯à²Å¦X¡u¥|¦Ê¤T¤Q¦~¡vªº¸g¸ü¡C

¡@¡@¥½¤F§Ú­Ì¨Ó¬Ý¬Ý¥D«e¤Q¤T¥@¬ö¤U¥b¸­ªº¤¤´Á¡A§Y¥D«e¤@¤G¤G¡³¦~¥N¬°¥X®J¤Î®É¶¡ªº»¡ªk¡C³o»¡ªkªº¥D­n½×ÂI¬O¡AÄõ¶ë¤G¥@¡]Ramses II, ca. 1290¡ã1224 B. C. ¡^¬°À£­¢¥H¦â¦C¤Hªºªk¦Ñ¡A¨äÄ~©Ó¤H°¨¥§¥L¡]Marniptah, ca. 1224¡ã1216 B. C. ¡^¡A«h¬O®eÅý¥H¦â¦C¤H¥X®J¤Îªºªk¦Ñ¡CÄõ¶ë¤G¥@Áö¤£¬O¤@­Ó´Â¥Nªº·s¤ý¡A¦ý±q±Ô§Q¨È©M­{«n¦aªº¤H¨Ó¬Ý¡A¥L«o¬O¤@­Ó¡u·s¤ý¡v¡C¦]¬°¦b¥L§Y¦ìªº²Ä¤­¦~¡A´N¿Ë¦Û²v§L¥_©º»®¯S¤H¡]Hittites¡^¡A¥H¤Î©M»®¯S¤HÁp·ùªº®ü®q©~¥Á¡C¥L¦b¥[§C´µ¤@§Ð¤¤¥ñªº«i¾Ô±o³Ó¡Aűo¤H­Ì§â¥L·í¯«¨Ó·q«ô¡C¥L§@¾Ôªº¥D­n¦a°Ï³£¦b¤Ú°Ç´µ©Z¡A¨Ã¦ÚªA¤F¦h°êªº¤H¡C¥L¥i¯à´N¬O¨ºÀ£­¢¥H¦â¦C¤H¦b®J¤Î¦a«Ø¿v¤ñªF©MÄõ¶ë¨â«°ªºªk¦Ñ¡A¨Ã¦]¥Lªº¾Ô¥\¡AµL½×¬O¬y¸¨¦b®J¤Îªº«¢¤ñ¾|¤H¡A©Î¬O¦í¦b­{«n¦aªº©~¥Á¡A³£¦@¦P·P¨ü¨ì³Q¥L©Ò´ÛÀ£ªº­Wµh¡CÄõ¶ë¤G¥@ªº²Îªv´Á¬Æªø¡A¦@¦³¤»¤Q¦h¦~¡A¯à¥H²Å¦X¥X¤G23©Ò»¡ªº¡u¹L¤F¦h¦~¡A®J¤Î¤ý¦º¤F¡vªº¸Ü¡C

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