ªð¦^­º­¶ | ªð¦^¥»®Ñ¥Ø¿ý |

 

­C§Q¦Ì®Ñ²Ä¥|¤Q¤C³¹

 

¤G¡B½×«D§Q¤h¡]¥|¤Q¤C1-7¡^

³o¬O«D§Q¤h±N¾D¼f§Pªº¹w¨¥¡C¦bÅéµô¤è­±»P«e¤@³¹¨Ã¤£¬Û¦P¡A¬J¤£¥H§@¾Ôªº©R¥O¶}©l¡A¦p¥|¤Q¤»³¹¤T¦Ü¥|¸`¤Î¤Q¥|¸`¡A¤]¤£´£¯«©ú¡A©Î°ê±Ú«°¥«¡C¥HÁɨȮѤQ¥|³¹¤Ü¤K¦Ü¤Ê¤G¸`¡Fªü¼¯¥q®Ñ¤@³¹¤»¦Ü¤K¸`¡F¦èµf¶®®Ñ¤G³¹¥|¦Ü¤C¸`³£½×«D§Q¤h¡C¤ñ¸û°_¨Ó¡A·¥¤£¬Û¦P¡C¥»®Ñ¥|¤Q¤K³¹¤@¸`¡A¥|¤Q¤E³¹¤@¡B¤C¡B¤Ü¤T¸`½×¨ä¥L¦C¨¹¡A¤]¤£¤@¼Ë¡C¥»³¹¶}©l¡A´Nª½±µ¤F·í¡A«Å§i¦D»@¥H¤@ºØ¬x¤ôªº¤è¦¡¦Û¥_¤è¦Ó¨Ó¡A¤S¥[¤W¤@ºØ¶Ç²Îªº©G¶A¡A¥i°Ñ¦Ò¥HÁɨȮѤK³¹¤C¸`¡C336¦D»@¨Ó¨ì¤@­Ó¤£´£¦Wªº¦a¤è¡A¨ì²Ä¥|¸`¤~´£°_¡C¦¹³B¬J¤£´£Á¿ªÌ¡A¤]¤£´£Å¥²³¡C¨S¦³²Ä¤@¤HºÙ¡A²Ä¤G¤HºÙ¤]¥u¦b¤­¸`¤U¦Ü¤»¸`¡C§g¤ýªº¦W¦r¨Ã¥¼´£»¡¡A¾Ô¨®¦¨¬°¦D»@ªº¤u¨ã¡C³oùتº»¡¸Ü¦ü¥G¦b«Ü»»»·ªº¶ZÂ÷¤§¥~¡A¦b¤G¸`¤U´£¨ì¡u¤H¡v¡A¦³ÂI¹³¦èµf¶®®Ñ¤@³¹¤G¡B¤T¸`¡A¦b¨ºùØ­C©MµØ¬Oµo¨¥¤H¡C¥´¥MªºÁn­µ¡]¤­¸`¤W¡^ÅãµM¬O¸t¾Ô¡C¨ä¤¤¦³«s¸¹¡]°Ñ¥|8¡^¦³ÅåÄß¡]°Ñ¤»24¡^¡C

¤é¤l±N¨ì¡]4¸`¡^¡A¥²«ü­C©MµØªº¤é¤l¡C337«D§Q¤h¤H³Q¹jµ´¾D·´·À¡C«D§Q¤h¦ü»PµÌ¥§°ò¬ÛÃö¡A´N¬O±Àù»P¦è¹y¡A´£¨ì®ü®q©M¥­­ì¾l³Ñªº¡A¤]¥²»P¥L­Ì¬ÛÃö¡C¤­¸`¤U¦Ü¤»¸`´£°_­C©MµØªº¤M¼C¡A©ó¬O¦³©R¥O¡F¦³­×Ã㪺°Ý¸Ü¡]7¸`¤W¡^¡A¥H¤Î³Ì«áªºµ²»y¡]7¸`¤U¡^¡C

±q­I´º¨Ó¬ã¨s¡G¥§¥¬¥Ò¥§¼»¦b¥D«e604¦~·´Ãa¨È¹ê°ò­Û¡A±q¦¹«D§Q¤hµL¯u¥¿¿W¥ßªº¾÷·|¡C338°Ñ¦Ò¥»®Ñ¤Ü¤C³¹¤T¸`¡C¥D«e594¦~¡A­C¸ô¼»§Nªº°ê»Ú·|ij¨S¦³«D§Q¤hªº¥Nªí¡C«D§Q¤h«°¨¶¤wÂk¨Ö¬°¤Ú¤ñ­Ûªº¬Ù¤À¡C339³o¤]ºâ¬O­C§Q¦Ì¦b¥Í®É¹ï«D§Q¤h³Ì«áªº«H®§¡C

¤é´Á¤è­±«ÜÃø½T©w¡A¦]¬°²Ä¤@¸`©Ò´£ªºªk¦Ñ¨s³º¬O¨º¤@¥ôªº¤ý¨Ã¤£©úÅã¡Cªk¦Ñ¼»©i©³®æ¡]Psametichus I or Psamtik¡^¦b¦ì¥½´Á¡]¥L¦b601 B.C.³u¥@¡^¡A´¿§ðÀ»­{ÂÄ¡C340¥L¤]³ò§ð¨È¹ê¬ð¬Æ¤[¡A²×©ó§ð¨ú¡A¥L¤@©w¨ú¤F¨È¹ê°ò­Û»P­{ÂĪº«n¤è«°¨¶¡C341ªk¦Ñ¥§­ô¦V¥_¶i­x®É¡A¥i¯à´¿§ðÀ»­{ÂÄ¡A³o´N¬O¥D«e609¦~¦Ì¦N¦h¾Ô§Ð¡C±q¦¹¤Ú°Ç¤h©Z¦b®J¤Îªº²Îªv¤§¤U¡A¤@ª½¨ì¥D«e605¦~¡C342¥§­ô¦b°¨«×­Û¡]Magdolon¥i¯à¬°Megiddo¡^¡A´¿§ð§J¥[©³ªº¡]Kadytis¥i¯à¬°­{ÂÄ¡^¡C343¥D«e601¦~¥§¥¬¥Ò¥§¼»­x¶¤¦b®J¤Îªº¤T¨¤¬w¨ü®À¤§«á¡A¥§­ô¥i¯à¦b¾Ô§Ð¤¤§ðÀ»­{ÂÄ¡C

²Ä¥|¸`¦ü¦b±Àù¦è¹yÁÙ¬O«D§Q¤hÁp·ùªº´Á¶¡¡C¡u±Àù¦è¹y©Ò³Ñ¤Uªº¤H¡v¡A¤S¦b¤C¸`¡u¨È¹ê°ò­Û©M®üÃä³Ñ¤Uªº¤H¡v¨s³º«ü¨º¨Ç¤H¡A¨Ã¨S¦³²M·¡ªº¥æ¥N¡C

¦³ªº¸g¾Ç®a»{¬°²Ä¤G¡B¤T¸`¬O«ü¦è¥j´£¤H¡A¤×¨ä¦b¥D«e609¦~¤Ú°Ç¤h©Z¨ü§ðÀ»¡A¤]¥]¬A­{ÂÄ¡C344¦ý¦³¨Ç¤H¨Ã¤£¦P·N³o¼Ëªº»¡ªk¡A²Ä¤T¸`´£¨ì¾Ô¨®¡A¦Ó¦è¥j´£¤H¥u¦³°¨§L¡AúòµL¾Ô¨®¡C345

±q¥_¤è¨Óªº¾Ô¨®¡]2¸`¡^¡A¥i¯à«ü¤Ú¤ñ­Û¡A¦Óº¦·¸ªºªe¤ô¤]¾A¥Î©ó¤Ú¤ñ­Û¡]¥|¤Q¤»6-8¡^¡C¦b¤Ú¤ñ­Ûªº¦~¥NùØ¡A´¿°O¸ü¥§¥¬¥Ò¥§¼»¦b¥D«e604¦~³ò§ð¨È¹ê°ò­Û¡C346¦pªG¥|¤Q¤»³¹½×®J¤Î¡A¤T¦Ü¤Q¤G¸`«ü¥D«e605¦~­{°ò¦Ì´µ¾Ô§Ð¡A«ü¼¯©ã¤j·§¤]¦b¨º®É­Ô¡A­C§Q¦Ì½×«D§Q¤h¥i¯à³£¦b¨º­Ó¤é´Á«e«á¡C

²Ä¥|¤Q¤C³¹¤@¸`¡@¡uªk¦Ñ§ðÀ»­{ÂĤ§¥ý¡A¦³­C©MµØ½×«D§Q¤h¤Hªº¸ÜÁ{¨ì¥ýª¾­C§Q¦Ì¡C¡v

¥D«e¤Q¤T¥@¬ö¥½¸­¡A¤Ú°Ç¤h©Z«n³¡ªºÀØ®ü¥­­ì¡A«D§Q¤h¤H´N¶}©l©w©~¡A¥L­Ì¥D­nªº«°¨¶¬O­{±o¡B¥H­²­Û¡B¨È¹ê¬ð¡B¨È¹ê°ò­Û¤Î­{ÂÄ¡C¹ï©ó¥L­Ìªº¾ú¥v¡A¨ÃµL¥R¤Àªº¸ê®Æ¡C347

«D§Q¤hªº­{ÂÄ¡A¨ä¦aÂI¤]¦³¤£¦PªºÅG½×¡A¤´«Ý¦Ò¥j¾Çªºµo±¸»P¬ã¨s¡C348

¥Ñ©ó³o¹w¨¥¤£¯à½T©w¨s³º«ü®J¤Îªº§ðÀ»ÁÙ¬O«ü¤Ú¤ñ­Ûªº«I²¤¡A¤C¤Q¤hĶ¥»±N³o¨Ç³£¬Ù²¤¤F¡A¥u¦³³o¼Ëªº¦r¼Ë¡G¡u½×«D§Q¤h¡C¡v¤Ï¦Ó±N°ÝÃD²¤Æ¤F¡C

²Ä¥|¤Q¤C³¹¤G¸`¡@¡u­C©MµØ¦p¦¹»¡¡A¦³¤ô±q¥_¤èµo°_¡A¦¨¬°º¦·¸ªºªe¡A­nº¦¹L¹M¦a©M¨ä¤¤©Ò¦³ªº¡A¨Ã«°©M¨ä¤¤©Ò¦íªº¡A¤H¥²©I³Û¡A¹Ò¤ºªº©~¥Á³£¥²«s¸¹¡C¡v

¤ô±q¥_¤èµo°_¡A¬O«ü°¨§L±q¤Ú¤ñ­Û½Ä¨Ó¡A¥i°Ñ¦Ò¤K³¹¤»¸`¡Cº¦·¸ªºªe¤ô¤]´¿³ë¬°¨È­zªº«I²¤¡A¥i°Ñ¦Ò¥HÁɨȮѤK³¹¤K¸`¤Î¤Ü¤K³¹¤Q¤C¸`¡A¦¹³B«ü¤Ú¤ñ­Û¡C¤]³\¦b­C§Q¦Ì¤ß¥Ø¤¤¡A¥§Ã¹ªeªºªxÀݦ³³o¼Ëªº¨aº×¡C¥§Ã¹ªe¤@¦~¤@«×ªºº¦·¸¡A·|¨R¿E¦a­±¡A¦³®É¬Æ¦Ü¦¨¬°·¥¤jªº¨a¬o¡C¤Ú¤ñ­Ûªº«I²¤¤]¬O³o¼Ë¡C

³oºØ«I²¤¹ê¦b¥i©È¡A¦p¬x¤ô¨R¿E¡A¤£¦ý¹M¦a¡A¤]¥]¬A©Ò¦³ªº©~¥Á¡A¤H­Ì³£¦]Åå´q¦Ó©I³Û¡A¬°¾D¨a¦Ó«s¸¹¡A°Ñ¦Òªº¸g¤å¦b¤Ü¤­³¹¤Ê¥|¸`¡C

¡u¤H¡v¬O«ü¤@¯ë¤H¡A¦ý¥Î¦r´X¥iĶ¬°¤HÃþ¡A©Ò¥HÁÙ¤£¤î¬O±`¤H¡A´¶³qªº©~¥Á¡C©ÎªÌ¦¹³Bú¦­«©I³Û«s¸¹¥u¬O¤H¤§±`±¡¡A¤]«ü´¶¹M¾D¨a¡AµL¤H¥i¥H°k²æ¡A·´·À¬O¥þµMªº¡A¤]¬O¹ý©³ªº¡AµL¥i¦¬¬B¡C

²Ä¥|¤Q¤C³¹¤T¸`¡@¡uÅ¥¨£¼Ä¤H§§°¨¿á¸õªºÅTÁn¡A©M¾Ô¨®¶©¶©¡A¨®½üÅFÅF¡A¬°¤÷ªº¤âµo³n¡A¤£¦^ÀY¬ÝÅU¨à¤k¡C¡v

³o¬O«D±`¬¡¼âªº´y¼g¡A¦]¬°´£»¡¼Ä­x¨R¨Óªº²r¶Õ¡C°¨¿áÁn»P¨®½üÁn¦X¦b¤@°_¡A§ó¥[¥i©È¡A¥i°Ñ¦Ò¥HÁɨȮѤ­³¹¤Ü¤K¸`¡C¨È­zªº¾Ô¨®¡A½ü¤l¦³¤@¤H¨­°ª¡A©Ò¥H¦b¦a¤WÂà°Ê¡A¤@©wÁn­µ·¥¤j¡C349°¨¿áÁn¦b¯e¦æ®É¡A¤]¥²¾_¾Ù¤Hªº¤ß©¶¡C§§°¨¿á¸õ¡A¦ü¥G¨ì¤FºÆ¨gªº±¡ªp¡A¦ÛµM¨Ï¤HÅå©È¡C

³oùئü¥G§@¤Q¤À¦y¾Uªº¹ï¤ñ¡C§§°¨»P¤â³n¡A¤H¦bÅåÄߤ¤¤â¨¬µL±¹¤]¤â³n¸}®z¡A¤£¯à¯¸¥ß¡AµLªk¦æ°Ê¡A§¹¥þ¨S¦³¤O¶q¡C¤÷¿ËµL¤O¡A·íµM¤]´NÅU¤£¨ì¨à¤k¡CÄ´¦p­C§Q¦Ì´¿´y¼g¦bÄȯî®É¡A¤÷¤k±N¥®¨à±ó¦b¥Ð¶¡¡]¤Q¥|5¡^¡C

²Ä¥|¤Q¤»³¹¥|¸`¡@¡u¦]¬°¤é¤l±N¨ì¡A­n·´·À¤@¤Á«D§Q¤h¤H¡A°Å°£À°§U±Àù¦è¹y©Ò³Ñ¤Uªº¤H¡A­ì¨Ó­C©MµØ¥²·´·À«D§Q¤h¤H¡A´N¬O­{´´°U®ü®q¾l³Ñªº¤H¡C¡v

¤é¤l±N¨ì¡A³o¬O­C©MµØªº¤é¤l¡A¼f§Pªº¤é¤l¡A­C©MµØ¥²¦ù±iÍ¢ªº¤½¸q¡AÍ¢¬I³øÀ³ªº®É­Ô¨ì¤F¡C¦C°ê³£­nªA¦bÍ¢¾_«ãªº¼f§P¤§¤U¡C

§Æ§B¨Ó¤å¥¿¨å¤¤¡A³o³¹¦b²Ä¥|¸`¤~»¡©ú³o¹w¨¥¬O¹ï¡u¤@¤Á¡v«D§Q¤h¤H»¡ªº¡A¥L­Ì³£±N·´·À¡C

±Àù»P¦è¹y¬O»P«D§Q¤hÁp·ùªº¡A¤j·§¨º¬O·í®Éªº±¡ªp¡C¥L­Ì±`¬O¤Ï«qªº¡A©Ò¥H±j°ê¥²¥ý±N³oÀØ®üªº¨¹°ê¨îªA¡]°Ñ¤Ü¤C3¡^¡C

¡uÀ°§U±Àù¦è¹y¡K¡K¡v¥i¯à±NÀ°§U©ñ¦b³o¨â°ê¤§«á¡A¤£¬O¥L­Ì¨üÀ°§U¡A¦Ó¬O¥L­Ì¦bÀ°§U«D§Q¤h¨Ó³Ó¼Äªº®É­Ô¡C¼Ä¤H¨Ó¨ì¡A­n·´·À¤@¤Á«D§Q¤h¤H¥H¤Î»P«D§Q¤h¦P·ùªº¡A±Àù¡B¦è¹y©M³Ñ¤Uªº¤H¤]³£¾D¬o¡C³o¥i¯à¬O¦¹³Bªº²[¸q¡C°Ñ¦Òªü¼¯¥q®Ñ²Ä¤@³¹½×¦C°êªº¹w¨¥¡A¤»¦Ü¤K¸`½×±Àù¡A¤E¦Ü¤Q¸`½×«D§Q¤h¡C¨âªÌªº«ü³d¬Û¦P¡C350¸Ö½g¤K¤Q¤T½g¤T¸`¡A«D§Q¤h»P±Àù¤]¤@°_´£»¡¡C

­{´´°U¬O«D§Q¤h¤H­ì¨Óªº¥X³B¡A¥i°Ñ¦Òªü¼¯¥q®Ñ¤E³¹¤C¸`¡C³o¤j·§´N¬O­²­ù©³¡A³o®ü®q»P¨ä¥L®üÀتº©~¥Á»P«D§Q¤h¤H³£¬OÄݦPºØ±Úªº¤H¡C351

²Ä¥|¤Q¤C³¹¤­¸`¡@¡u­{ÂĦ¨¬°¥ú¨r¡A¥­­ì¤¤©Ò³Ñªº¨È¹ê°ò­ÛÂk©óµL¦³¡A§A¥Î¤M¹º¨­¡A­n¨ì´X®É©O¡H¡v

­{ÂĦb²Ä¤@¸`¤w¸g´£»¡¡A¦¨¤F¥ú¨r¡Aªí©ú«cÀY¡A³oÀ³¬OÁ|«sªº¦æ°Ê¡]¤Q¤»6¡^¡C¥ú¨r¦b¥|¤Q¤K³¹¤Ê¤C¸`¦A´£¡A¤S¥i°Ñ¦Ò¥HÁɨȮѤQ¤­³¹¤G¸`¤Î¥H¦èµ²®Ñ¤C³¹¤Q¤K¸`¡A¦¹³B©ÎªÌ±j½Õ¥ú¨r¬O¤@ºØ¨aº×¡A¬ðµMÁ{¨ì­{ÂÄ¡C

¨È¹ê°ò­Û¬O«D§Q¤h³Ì¾aªñ®ü¤fªº«°¥«¡C352¤]³Q·´·À¤F¡A¡u·´·À¡v¦b¤¤Ä¶¥»§@¡uÂk©óµL¦³¡v¡A¤]¥iĶ§@¡uÀRÀq¡v©Î¡u°×¤fµL¨¥¡v¡C353

¦¹³B¥¼´£¤Î¨È¹ê¬ð¡A¦³ªº¾ÇªÌ»{¬°¡u¥­­ì¡vÀ³¥]¬A³o¤@±Ú¤H¡C¡u¥­­ì¡v·Ó­µÄ¶¬°¨ÈÓÔ±Ú¡]Anakim¡^¡C¨ÈÓÔ±Ú¦b¥H¦â¦C¥¼¶i­{«n¥H«e¤w¸g¦b¨ºùؤF¡A¥L­Ì¨­§÷°ª¤j¡A°O¸ü¦b¬ù®Ñ¨È°O¤Q¤@³¹¤Ü¤@¡B¤Ü¤G¸`¡C¨ÈÓԱڳѤUªº¤H´N¦b­{ÂÄ¡B­{±o»P¨È¹ê¬ð¡C354

¡u§A¥Î¤M¹º¨­¡v¡A»P¥ú¨r¡u«cÀY¡v¬O¬Û³sªº¡A³£¬OÁ|«sªº°Ê§@¡C¹º¨­ªº¨Æ¡A´¿¦b¥»®Ñ¤­³¹¤C¸`¡A¤Q¤»³¹¤»¸`¡A¥|¤Q¤@³¹¤­¸`¡A¤S¦b¥Ó©R°O¤Q¥|³¹¤@¸`¡F¦C¤ý¬ö¤W¤Q¤K³¹¤Ü¤K¸`¡FÀ±­{®Ñ¥|³¹¤Q¥|¸`¡C¦ý³o¦r¦b¤£¦Pªºª©¥»¤¤¡A²[¸q¦³¨Ç¤£¦P¡A¦³ªº±N³o¦rĶ§@©b¶]¡]±Ng-d-dÅܬ°g-r-r¡^¡C¥L­Ì¨ì³B©b¶]¡A½Ä¨Ó½Ä¥h¡A­n¨ì´X®É©O¡C355

²Ä¥|¤Q¤C³¹¤»¸`¡@¡u­C©MµØªº¤M¼C­þ¡A§A¨ì´X®ÉÅפ©O¡H§A­n¤JÀT¡A¦w¹t¤£°Ê¡C¡v

¡u­C©MµØªº¤M¼C¡v¡A¥i¤ñ¸û¤Q¤G³¹¤Q¤G¸`¡C³o¤M¼C¬O¼Ä¤Hªº¡A¦ý¬O¯«¨Ï¥Î¨Ó¦D»@ªº¡A©Ò¥H³o¬O­C©MµØªº¤M¼C¡C

¡u¨ì´X®É¡v¦b¤W¸`¤]³o¼Ëµo°Ý¡A«ü³d¥L­Ìªº¦æ°Ê¡C¦p¦b¥|³¹¤Q¥|¡B¤Ü¤@¸`¡A¤Q¤G³¹¥|¸`¡A¤Ü¤T³¹¤Ü¤»¸`¡A¤Ê¤@³¹¤Ü¤G¸`¡A³£¦³¤£¦Pªº²[¸q¡A©Î´d¹Ä©Î«ü³d¡C¥»¸`¡u¨ì´X®É¡v¥Î¦r»P¤W­zªº¸g¤å¤£¦P¡A²[¸q¬Û¦P¡C356

¤JÀT¡A¦P¤@­Ó¦r¦b¥HÁɨȮѤ»¤Q³¹¤G¤Q¸`¬°¡u°hÁY¡v¡A¯«ªº¤M¼C¨S¦³°hÁY¡A¥u¬O¤JÀT¡Aªí©ú¤£¦A±þ¼®¡A°±¤î¦D»@¡A¤î®§¤F¡C357

¡u¦w¹t¡v¦b¤K³¹¤Q¥|¸`¡A¦]¬°¯«ªº¾_«ã²×©ó¤î®§¤£°Ê¡C

²Ä¥|¤Q¤C³¹¤C¸`¡@¡u­C©MµØ¬J§h©J§A§ðÀ»¨È¹ê°ò­Û©M®üÃ䤧¦a¡A¥L¤w¸g¬£©w§A¡A²j¯à¤î®§©O¡H¡v

¨È¹ê°ò­Û©M®üÃ䤧¦a¡A¬O¥]¬A«D§Q¤h¤@¤Á¤§¦a¡C¯«§h©J¡u§A¡v¡A¡u§A¡v¬O®J¤Î¶Ü¡H¦]¬°²Ä¤@¸`¦³ªk¦Ñªº§ðÀ»¡C¦ý­I´º¦ü¬°¤Ú¤ñ­Û¡C

³o¤³¼Ä¬O¯«¬£©wªº¡A¡u¬£©w¡v¦b¥»®Ñ¥u¦¹¤@¦¸¡C¦ý²[¸qú¦­«¯«ªº¦w±Æ¡C

¦pªG³o±¡ªpµo¥Í¦b¥D«e604¦~¡A¥§¥¬¥Ò¥§¼»½T¨Ó¨ìÀØ®ü¥­­ì¡A³ò§ð¨È¹ê°ò­Û¡A¥[¥H·´Ãa¡C358¦b¼»¥Ê©Ô¡]Saqqara§YMemphis¡^´¿µo²{¤@«Ê®Ñ«H¡A¬O¨È¹ê°ò­Û¤§ªüªF¡]Adon¡^¥H¨ÈÄõ¤å¼g«Hªk¦Ñ¡A½Ð¨D´©§U¡A¦]¬°¤Ú¤ñ­Û­x¶¤¤w¸g«æ³t¨Ó¨ì¡C359¦b¤Ú¤ñ­Û¦Ò¥jµo²{¡A¦³¨È¹ê°ò­Ûªº¤ý®a¤Î®ü­ûªº¤å¥ó¡C¤º¤¤´£¤ÎµS¤j¤ý¬ù¶®¤ç¤Î¥L²³¤l¡C360¦b¨È¹ê¬ðµo²{¤@°ï¼o¼V¡A¬O·´«°ªº²ªúf¡A¦~¥N¥i§@²Ä¤C¥@¬ö¡A¥i¯à«ü³o¦¸ªº¾Ô§Ð¡C361

«D§Q¤h¦V¨Ó¬°¥H¦â¦Cªº¤³¼Ä¡A²{¦b¤w§¹¥þ·À¨S¤F¡C¯«ªº¤½¸q²×©ó¦ù±i¡A¥i°Ñ¦Ò¸Ö½g¤»¤Q½g¤E¸`¡A¤@¡³¤K½g¤E¸`¡C

 

336 Delbert R. Hillers, Treaty-Curses and the Old Testament Prophets, 1964, 70-71.

337 Ernest S. Jenni, "Day of the Lord", The Interpreter's Dictionary of the Bible, 1, 784-785; A. Joseph Everson, "Day of the Lord", The Interpreter's Dictionary of the Bible, Supplement, 209-210; G. von Rad, OT Theology 2, 119-125.

338 Jonas C. Greenfield, "Philistines", the Interpreter's Dictionary of the Bible, 3, 795.

339 Abrabam Malamat, "The Twilight of Judah", Congress Volume, Edinburgh, 1974 (Vetus Testamentum Supplement 28) 123-145.

340 Herodotus, History 2, 157.

341 Ernest Vogt, "Die neubabylonische Chronik u/ber die Schlacht bei Karkemisch und die Einnahme von Jerusalem", volume du Congre&s Strasbourg, 1956 (Vetus Testamentum Supplement 4) 77.

342 Herodotus, History 2, 159.

343 John Bright, Jeremiah, 311; Vogt, op cit., 77, n.4.

344 Abraham Malamat, "The Historical Setting of Two Biblical Prophecies on the Nations", Israel Exploration Journal 1 (1950-51) 154-159.

345 Richard S. Vaggione, "Over All Asia? The Extent of the Scythian Domination in Herodotus", Journal of Biblical Literature 92 (1973) 523-530, "Scythians", The Interpreter's Dictionary of the Bible, Supplement, 797-798.

346 John Bright, A History of Israel, 326.

347 Jonas C. Greefield, "Philistines", The Interpreter's Dictionary of the Bible, 3, 791-795, Philistines", Supplement 666-667.

348 William F. Stinespring, "Gaza", The Interpreter's Dictionary of the Bible, 2, 358, "Betheglaim", 1, 389; "Gaza", Supplement, 353.

349 Yigael Yadin, The Art of Warfare in Biblical Lands, 1963, 452.

350 Shalom M. Paul, "Amos 1:3; A Concatenous Literary Pattern", Journal of Biblical Literature 90 (1971) 397-403.

351 Jonas C. Greenfield, "Philistines", The Interpreter's Dictionary of the Bible, Supplement 666.

352 William F. Stinespring, "Ashkelon," The Interpreter's Dictionary of the Bible, 1, 252-254.

353 °Ñ¦Ò¥HÁɮѤ»³¹¤­¸`¡GHans Wildberger, Jesaja, 1972-1982, 232-233.

354 R.F. Schnell, "Anak", The Interpreter's Dictionary of the Bible, 1, 123-124.

355 William L. Holladay, Jeremiah 2, 334-335; Duane L. Christensen, Transformations of the War Oracles in the Old Testament Prophecy, 1975, 212-213.

356 ¦b¬ù¤¤©|¦³¤Q¤G³B¡A¦C¦bF. Brown, S.R. Driver and C.A. Briggs, Hebrew and English Lexicon of the Old Testament, 33a.

357 Lienhard Delekat, "Zum Hebra/ischen Wo/rterbuch", Vetus Testamentum 16 (1964) 59.

358 D.J. Wiseman, Chronicles of Chaldean Kings, 69.

359 John Bright, "A New Letter in Aramaic Written to a Pharoah of Egypt", The Biblical Archaeologist 12 (1949) 46-52; H.L. Ginsberg, "An Armaic Contemporary of the Lachish Letters", Bulletin of American Society of Oriental Research 111 (1948) 24-29.

360 Pritchard, The Ancient Near Eastern Text, 308.

361 D.N. Freedman, "The Second Season at Ancient Ashdod", The Biblical Archaeologist 26 (1963) 134-139, note p.139.

¢w¢w ­ð¦ö¤§¡m¤Ñ¹D¸t¸gµùÄÀ¢w¢w­C§Q¦Ì®Ñ¡n